# Miriam Blumenthal (née Leibovitz / Lebovics) - sweep for the generation before her parents - 27.10.2026

Scope: Moshe (Mór) Lebovics (b. ~1888-1892) and his parents Avraham + Feige-Toibe; Frumet / Franciska Végh and her parents Avraham + Olga; their marriage; early children's births; Moshe's brother Yitzhak of Magdiel.
Not edited: the report, the sources index, any page. Only this file, three Yad Vashem scans in `docs/candidates/`, and two evidence images in `docs/census/img/` were added.
Read first: report.md section 4.1, `docs/census/lebovits_balassagyarmat_censuses_registers_2026-10-27.md`, section 9.4.

## Bottom line

New, and it moves the project one generation up on Moshe's side:

1. **Moshe's parents lived in Alsóapsa (Máramaros county, Szigeti district; today Nyzhnya Apsha / Dolní Apša, Rachov district).** Three more Pages of Testimony by the same Yitzhak (same Hebrew signature, same date 8.1.57, same Magdiel address as the Moshe page 800983) name Moshe's siblings Zeev (Wolf), Frida (married Davidovits), and Zeev's wife Ester, all of Alsóapsa, with the same parents Avraham and Feige-Toibe. This also explains why David gave Shimshon's birth (1914) in Alsóapsa.
2. **JewishGen "Máramaros Vital Records Births" (index rows from Baia Mare archive, Register Book 281) shows a complete sibling set born in Alsóapsa to Abraham Lebovits and Feige Tobe HOCH:** Mozes Gedalya 28.4.1887, Volf 31.5.1889, Hers 18.3.1892, Iczik Jakob 22.11.1894. Mother's maiden name **Hoch** (home town Fehéregyháza) is new. Moshe's date (1887) differs by about 3 years from every other source (1890) - see finding 2.
3. **IGRA confirms Yitzhak's identity and parents from a second, independent angle:** IGRA-1950-69-Immigration-16726, "Yitzhak Leibovitz, child of Avraham & Tova", b. 1894, from Hungary, Shaar Haaliyah, 26.5.1950 - matches Iczik Jakob b. 22.11.1894 in the register.
4. **Végh side: nothing confirmed.** One lead (a Végh Abraham, son of Simsi, of Alsóapsa, married to a Lebovits woman) is recorded as a possibility only; the mother's name does not match "Olga".
5. **Not found:** Moshe x Végh marriage (1910-1914); Shimshon's 1914 birth; Esther's birth; any record of Avraham/Feige-Toibe after 1894 (death, 1921 census); Fani's own birth.

---

## (a) Findings

### F1. Yitzhak Leibovitz's three further Pages of Testimony (Magdiel, 8.1.57) - Moshe's siblings, parents Avraham + Feige-Toibe, Alsóapsa
Proposed grade: **residence of Moshe's parents' family in Alsóapsa - כמעט ודאי (near-certain)**; sibling relation to Moshe - **כמעט ודאי**.

All three scans were read here (local copies below). Each page carries the same signature block as the Moshe page (800983): the submitter's Hebrew signature, his address in Magdiel, and the date **8/1/57** (read from the scans; the handwriting of the date and signature is identical on 800983 and 1663378). The approval numbers on the three pages are 33933/8, /9, /10 (consecutive).

| YV record | Index text (as shown on collections.yadvashem.org) | Scan reading (Latin fields on the page) | Local scan |
|---|---|---|---|
| [1663378](https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/1663378) | Zeew Lebowitz / Libovitz; b. 1918, Hungary; mother Feiga, Toibe (father field empty in index); spouse Ester; merchant; residence + wartime "Unter Apsa, Rachov, Carpathian Ruthenia, Czechoslovakia"; died Auschwitz 1944; submitter Yitzkhak Libovitz, **Brother** | Latin: "Lebowitz", "Zeev", "Apsa", "Alsóapsa", "Auschwitz"; birth year written "1918" | `miriam-blumenthal/docs/candidates/1663378_1.jpg` |
| [492547](https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/492547) | Frida Dawidowitsch / Davidovitz; b. 1919, Hungary; father **Avraham**, mother **Feiga, Toibe**; married; residence "Alsoapsa"; wartime place "Riskani, Balti, Bessarabia, Romania" (as indexed); died Auschwitz 1944; submitter Yitzkhak Libovitz, **Relative** | Latin: "Davidowitz", "Frida", "Alsóapsa", "Auschwitz"; birth year written "1919" | `miriam-blumenthal/docs/candidates/492547_1.jpg` |
| [5249740](https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/5249740) | Ester Lebowitz / Libovitz (Eszter); b. 1918, Hungary; married to Zeev; residence "Alsoapsa"; died Auschwitz 1944; submitter Yitzkhak Libovitz, **Brother-in-law** | Latin: "Lebowitz", "Ester", "Alsóapsa", "Auschwitz"; birth year "1918" | `miriam-blumenthal/docs/candidates/5249740_1.jpg` |

Already in the project, for comparison: [800983](https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/800983) (Moshe: father Avraham, mother Feiga + Toibe, spouse "Frimit", merchant, Balasagyarmat; submitter Yitzkhak Libovitz, **Brother**) and 569649 (Frima).

Cautions:
- **The birth years on the three new pages (1918, 1919, 1918) cannot be the children's real birth years** if their parents are the couple of F2 (mother married about 1886; she could not bear a child in 1918/1919). Possibly the year field was misfilled. Do not use these years for anyone. The register in F2 gives Volf (= Zeev) b. 31.5.1889.
- The index shows Frida's wartime place as "Riskani, Bessarabia"; this is very likely a mis-keyed place, not read from the scan. Not examined further.
- The submitter name "Yitzkhak Libovitz" returns 84 clusters (Lida, Borsa, Sighet, Szügy, Komját ... ) - it is a name shared by several unrelated people. Only the five pages above were tied to our Yitzhak (same parents' names; Alsóapsa; same signature block, date and address as 800983). The Szügy family pages (8656534-8656537, 1663438, 1663845) are by "Yaakov Yitzkhak Libovitz" / "I Yitzkhak Libovitz" (husband and father of Fani Feiga Leibowics) - a different man, excluded.

### F2. Birth register rows, Alsóapsa (Máramaros), children of Abraham Lebovits x Feige Tobe Hoch
Database: JewishGen "Máramaros Vital Records Births" (`df=23e75e42-64cc-4287-b44a-0326952f5089`; source line "Romanian National Archive - Baia Mare Branch - Book 281"); search Lebovits (phonetic) + town Apsa (phonetic), 111 records, read through a logged-in browser on 27.10.2026. Page URL pattern: `https://www.jewishgen.org/search/record-list.php?df=23e75e42-64cc-4287-b44a-0326952f5089` (the list is session-bound; reproduce by Global Search: surname Lebovits + town Apsa).

Exact rows as shown (child | date of birth | sex | father (home town) | mother (home town) | born in | jaras | megye | godfather | page-row):

| Child | Born | Father | Mother | Born in / jaras / megye | Godfather | Source page-row |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| **Mozes Gedalya** | **28-Apr-1887** | LEBOVITS, Abraham (Also Apsa) | HOCH, Feiga Tobe (Fejeregyhaza) | Alsó-Apsa / Szigeti / Máramaros | GEDALYOVITS, Ancsel (Also Apsa) | Book 281, 56-10 |
| **Volf** | **31-May-1889** | LEBOVICS, Abraham (Also Apsa) | HOCH, Feige Tobe (Also Apsa) | Alsó-Apsa / Szigeti / Máramaros | LEBOVITS, Jiczchak (Also Apsa) | Book 281, 64-23 |
| **Hers** | **18-Mar-1892** | LEBOVITS, Abraham (Also Apsa) | HOCH, Feige Tobe (Fejeregyhaza) | Alsó-Apsa / Szigeti / Máramaros | GEDALJOVITS, Motye | Book 281, 75-14 |
| **Iczik Jakob** | **22-Nov-1894** | LEBOVITS, Abraham (Also Apsa) | HOCH, Feige Tobe (Fehéregyháza) | Alsó-Apsa / Szigeti / Máramaros | LEBOVITS, Abraham | Book 281, 128-21 |

Evidence image (Volf row, highlighted): `miriam-blumenthal/docs/census/img/jewishgen_maramaros_births_alsoapsa_1889_volf_lebovics_abraham_hoch_feige_tobe_book281_64-23.jpg`.

What it identifies, and proposed grade: **ככל הנראה (likely) - not higher: these are index rows; the register scans were not seen.**
- The couple Abraham x Feige Tobe in Alsóapsa matches, name for name, the parents on Yitzhak's pages (Avraham; Feiga + Toibe), and matches the 3 siblings of F1: Zeev = Volf; Yitzhak = Iczik Jakob (also F3). That makes the match to the couple strong.
- **Mozes Gedalya = our Moshe?** Name matches (Mozes = Moshe) and parents match, but the date does not: 28.4.1887 gives age 57 in 1944, while Esther's pages (1956) and Yitzhak's page give 1890 and the Nógrád archive book says 54. Possible explanations: (i) a 3-year error in the family's memory; (ii) an unindexed child born between Volf (May 1889) and Hers (March 1892) who is the real Moshe, while Mozes Gedalya (1887) died young (no death row for him was found, but the deaths index checked here is only partial); (iii) a different family. **Treat as "likely the family, undecided on the child"** until the register image is read. One interesting detail: Moshe's first name could have been Gedalya (Mozes Gedalya) - no other source gives a second name.
- Mother's maiden name **Hoch** and her home town Fehéregyháza (spelled Fejeregyhaza / Fehéregyháza in the rows; one row gives "Also Apsa") are new for the family.
- Godfather Gedalyovits Ancsel (1887) and Gedalyovits Motye (1892) suggest a Gedalyovits relative (the name Gedalya for the 1887 child).
- The sibling set is consistent with F1: Zeev/Volf, Frida (a daughter of this couple is not in the index - she would be born about 1896-1899; the index has none under this surname/town; unresolved), Yitzhak, Hers (Hers b. 1892 is not on any page seen; possibly the one who died or emigrated - open).

### F3. IGRA - Yitzhak Leibovitz, b. 1894, from Hungary, "child of Avraham & Tova"
- IGRA-1950-69-Immigration-16726: "Yitzhak Leibovitz / יצחק ליבוביץ - Immigration 1948-, Shaar Haaliyah, 1951"; Birth Year 1894; Country of Origin Hungary; Date of Document 26-May-50; list "Immigrants insured by Kupat Holim" (Israel State Archives, system no. גל-1549, document 460, line 28). URL: https://genealogy.org.il/AID/index.php?recordID=SUdSQS0xOTUwLTY5LUltbWlncmF0aW9uLTE2NzI2
- The IGRA result list line (Hebrew) reads: "יצחק ליבוביץ [בן/בת] אברהם וטובה" / "Yitzhak Leibovitz, child of Avraham & Tova". Image of that line: `miriam-blumenthal/docs/census/img/igra_1950_16726_yitzhak_leibovitz_b1894_child_of_avraham_and_tova_listrow.png`. The full record page and the scan are behind IGRA membership (see blockers; the scan URL answered HTTP 403 and was not pursued).
- Grade: **ככל הנראה (likely)** that this is the Yitzhak of Magdiel, brother of Moshe: parents' first names match YV; birth year 1894 matches the register (Iczik Jakob, 22.11.1894); Hungary matches. Not "near-certain" because (a) Magdiel is not on the row (not visible without membership) and (b) the row is an index row. It also adds a fact: Yitzhak arrived by air in 1950 (not 1957), so he was in Israel about seven years before filing the pages.
- Other IGRA hits for Yitzhak Leibovitz examined and set aside (different birth years): 12457 (b. 1921), 17033 (b. 1916), 30799 (b. 1909).

### F4. Végh - candidate father in Alsóapsa (possibility only)
Rows seen in "Subcarpathia and Vicinity Births" (Also Apsa area births 1898-1900, Book/fund line as indexed) and in "Máramaros Vital Records Births":
- **Frima**, b. **31-Dec-1899**, F; father VEGH, Abraham, son of Simsi (Also Apsa); mother LEBOVICS, Laje (Gyula falva / Giuleşti); born Alsóapsa, Tecsoi járás.
- Same couple in the Máramaros births (as VEG, Abraham x LEBOVITS, Rifke Lea of Gyulafalu): **Hersch** b. 17-Apr-1890 and **Malke** b. 12-Nov-1892 (Alsó-Apsa).
Why it matters: Fani's father is "Avraham" (569646) and Moshe, from the same village, married a Végh. Why it is only a possibility: the mother is Rifke Lea / Laje, not "Olga" (569646); Fani is b. 1890-1892 and no such daughter is indexed between Hersch (Apr 1890) and Malke (Nov 1892); Frima b. 1899 is too young to be the mother of Shimshon (1914). The marriage Moshe x Végh could just as well be with a Végh from another Máramaros village. Proposed grade: **אפשר ש… (possible), not for use in the report except as a lead.**
Excluded: Eszter Lebovits née Veig / Veigh, b. 1891 Alsóapsa (YV 1828708, submitter Khana Veig, daughter) - parents Mendl/Hers and Ida, spouse Marton: a different Végh family. Fani Végh b. 2.7.1906 (father Végh Sulem x Lebovits Chaja) - too young. Frimet Végh b. 6.4.1886 (father Salamon, mother Henczi, Szaplonca) - birth year does not fit.

### F5. What the above implies for the report (suggestion only, nothing edited)
- Moshe's "Máramaros" (Nógrád archive book; 2000 pages) can now be narrowed to Alsóapsa (Szigeti district) - consistent with Shimshon b. 1914 "Dolní Apša" (David, 1957). Grade for the narrowing: likely (F1 + F2 + David's page), near-certain for the family's presence in Alsóapsa.
- Moshe's mother: "Feige Toibe" (Yitzhak 1957) = "Feige Tobe Hoch" (register); Esther's unclear "טרג" may be a miswriting of "Toiba/Tova" - unverified.
- Yitzhak b. 1894 and brothers Zeev/Volf b. 1889 and Hers b. 1892, sister Frida (married Davidovits), all with the same parents - and the murder of Zeev, Ester and Frida at Auschwitz in 1944 (as reported by Yitzhak).

---

## (b) Negatives and coverage

| # | Query (exact) | Database | Coverage | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | YV `yv_search_by_submitter` first "Yitzkhak" last "Libovitz", mode exact, verify false and true (first 10) | Yad Vashem names | 84 clusters; submitter field matches several different men | Alsóapsa-linked: 5 pages (F1 + 800983 + 569649). Others (Lida, Sighet, Borsa, Komját, Volovec, Berehovo, Tornya, Tetsh, Újpest, Debrecen) not tied to our family; Szügy group = different submitter |
| 2 | YV `yv_search_names` last "Lebowitz" place "Alsoapsa", mode exact | Yad Vashem names | 1 row | Ester Lebowitz 5249740 only |
| 3 | YV last "Libovitz" place "Apsa", exact | Yad Vashem names | 52 rows (all Apsa villages) | No Avraham, no Feige-Toibe, no Moshe of Alsóapsa; Zeew 1663378 included |
| 4 | YV last "Lebovits" place "Alsoapsa", exact | Yad Vashem names | 21 rows | Lists of survivors/persecuted (Szima, Margit, Hermann, Izsak 1900, Salamon 1901, Mendel, Mor 1905 etc.); none tied; Eszter Lebovits née Veig 1828708 excluded (F4) |
| 5 | YV last "Vegh" first "Olga", exact; last "Veig" first "Fani", exact | Yad Vashem names | 2 rows; 0 rows | Olga Vegh b. 1922 (list of persecuted); Olga Hodel Vegh née Braustein b. 1893 Košice. Neither is Fani's mother. 0 for Veig+Fani |
| 6 | JewishGen Global Search: surname Lebovits (phonetic) + town Apsa (phonetic), all countries | JewishGen, record lists read in Chrome | 1,055 hits overall | Máramaros Births 111 (F2); Máramaros Deaths 2 (Mozes Lebovits, Apsa, d. 29.1.1885 age 40; Freide Lebovits, 5, d. 12.12.1889 - neither related); Máramaros Marriages 3 (1883 Farkas Leib x Farkas Szura; 25.8.1887 Markovits Abrahám Ancsel x Kacz Hencza; 9.8.1887 Gluk Luzer x Rosenberg Etel) - no Abraham Lebovits x Hoch marriage, no marriage of a Lebovits Mozes x Végh |
| 7 | same, 1921 Karpatalja Subcarpathia Census (index of Hungaricana library images) | JewishGen | 75 rows | No household of an Abraham or Feige-Toibe Lebovits; heads in Dolni Apsa: Levi 1881 (hh 646), Levi/Pepi (hh 344), Hersch 1876 (hh 331); no Moshe, Fani, Márton, Esther rows. This index lists only some Jewish households; the images of Alsóapsa (Nagybocskó district vol. 162, p. ~661 ff.) were not browsed page by page |
| 8 | same, Subcarpathia and Vicinity Marriages (75 rows; fonds 1895-1904, 1895-1901, 1901-1906, 1929-1935, 1935-1939) | JewishGen | no fond for Alsóapsa 1910-1914 | Cannot answer for a marriage 1910-1914; later rows: Alsóapsa 1934/1935 only |
| 9 | same, Subcarpathia and Vicinity Births (481 rows, 10 pages) | JewishGen | Alsóapsa fonds only 1898-1900 and 1940-1945 (plus other villages' 1895-1939 fonds); no Alsóapsa 1912-1916, 1917-1932 | No child of Moshe x Végh, no Shimshon, no Esther; cannot answer for those years. Végh rows: F4 |
| 10 | Vegh (phonetic) + Frimet (DM soundex), region Hungary/Slovakia | JewishGen | Máramaros Births 4, Máramaros Marriages 1, Karpatalja 1921 5, Subcarpathia Births 24 / Deaths 16 / Marriages 10, Hungarian Deaths 2, Slovak Civil Marriage 2 | Máramaros Births: Frimet Végh b. 6.4.1886 (Szaplonca) - does not fit; Karpatalja: Végh family in Bedevlya (Bernat Fux/Malka etc.) - unrelated; the other lists not opened; no Fani/Frumet b. 1890-1892 with father Avraham seen |
| 11 | JewishGen MCP `jewishgen_search` Lebovits + Mozes, country all (overview) | JewishGen | 3,448 total matches | overview works; detail via MCP fails - see blockers |
| 12 | IGRA `igra_search` Leibovitz/Yitzhak with location "Magdiel", Hebrew variants, "Hod HaSharon", Leibovi* (no phonetic) | IGRA | location facet has no Magdiel for 1949 voters | **0 results** (HTTP 500 treated as zero by the tool); not conclusive - location facet strings unknown |
| 13 | IGRA surname Lebovits + given Yitzhak (phonetic), 189 rows, first 40 + year 1949 (42 rows) | IGRA | partial (first 40 rows of 189 read; 1949 filter read in full) | Only 16726 (b. 1894, Hungary) fits (F3); no Magdiel voter in 1949 |
| 14 | Hungaricana `hungaricana_search`: "Alsóapsa AND (Lebovics OR Lebovits OR Leibovics OR Lebovitz)" and "Lebovics Mór Végh Franciska" | Hungaricana archives (county archive databases) | all databases | **0 results** for both |
| 15 | RadixIndex place "Alsóapsa" and surname "Lebovics" | RadixIndex free index | surname page: Verlustliste (WW1 casualty list) has 1 Lebovics at Alsoapsa; RadixRef has 4 at Balassagyarmat | Record content "for subscribers"; `radix_list_records` returned an error (not a zero); listing page shows names only |
| 16 | MACSE `macse_search_variants` Végh/Vég/Weg/Wegh/Veigh + Franciska; Végh/Vég/Weg/Wegh + Fáni | MACSE meta-index (today's Hungary only) | counts only | 70 and 12 hits spread over the country; includes "Végh Fáni - death - Balassagyarmat (1)" and Szécsény (1): possible leads but identity cannot be tested without a MACSE member account; no Subcarpathia coverage |

## (c) Blockers

1. **FamilySearch** - no token. [Correction, 27.10.2026: Book 281 is NOT on FamilySearch - see familysearch_book281_check_2026-10-27.md.] It was assumed to be the only route to the **images** of the Alsóapsa/Szigeti civil register (Baia Mare archive, Register Book 281, rows 56-10, 64-23, 75-14, 128-21; the 1910s marriage and birth books of Alsóapsa) and of the Máramaros/Zakarpattia civil registers. All F2 grades stay "likely" until those images are read.
2. **JewishGen MCP detail pages** - `jewishgen_search_filtered` on a result URL returned "Scanned 0 rows" and `jewishgen_open` returned "0 matching record" although the overview shows hits (known quirk). Treated as a blocker, not a negative. Worked around by running the same search in the logged-in Chrome (Global Search form, then "List n records"). The `jgdetail_2.php` URLs from the MCP also return 0 in the browser.
3. **IGRA full record and scan** of 16726 - details only for IGRA members; the image URL answered HTTP 403 and was not pursued (no bypass). Only the list line (Hebrew + English) was captured. Magdiel as address on that row is therefore not verified.
4. **RadixIndex** Verlustliste "Lebovics - Alsoapsa" (WW1 casualty list) and RadixRef Balassagyarmat rows - "record retrieval for subscribers".
5. **MACSE** record-level content (member account).
6. **Yad Vashem story endpoint** error HTTP 523 on all records read (no effect on the data fields).
7. The Hungaricana library images of the 1921 census, Alsóapsa (`KANepszaml_012_Nagybocsko_Alsoapsa__162_Nyizsnya-Apsa`) - scans sit behind the site's viewer; not browsed (could contain Abraham's household under another spelling).

## Recommended next steps (priority order)

1. Get the register images (FamilySearch token, or a hand-search in the browser): Alsóapsa births 1887-1894 (Book 281) to read the four rows, check whether a Moshe b. 1890/91 is missing from the index, and read Feige Tobe's maiden name and father's name; then Alsóapsa births and marriages 1910-1916 for Moshe x Végh and for Shimshon (1914).
2. Ask IGRA (member) for the full record and scan of IGRA-1950-69-Immigration-16726 and search IGRA/Kupat Holim lists for Zeev's other relatives (Hers b. 1892?).
3. Read the 1921 census images for Alsóapsa (Hungaricana library, vol. 162) for Abraham/Feige-Toibe's household and a possible "Végh" household.
4. Végh: check the Alsóapsa births 1888-1893 for a Végh girl b. 1890-1892 named Frumet/Fani (father Abraham); if the Végh Abraham son of Simsi is confirmed as Fani's father, resolve "Olga" vs "Rifke Lea/Laje". Try the Budapest 1890-92 civil register (the Esther 1956 place) via MACSE member search ("Végh Franciska/Fáni").
5. Yad Vashem: ask the archive to look at the Magdiel Pages (800983 and the three new ones) for the relationship field ("קרוב/ה"), which is hard to read on the scans, and search by place/first name "Hers Lebovits" b. 1892 (not found yet).